The availability of ultra-light plastic bags for primary
packaging or transport of bread, fruit, and vegetables is prohibited as of June,
but operational difficulties have led distribution companies to ask for the
elimination of this prohibition.
The Portuguese Association of Distribution Companies (APED)
told Lusa that it sent to the Ministry of the Environment and Climate Action,
at the end of December 2022, a proposal for the revocation of this ban, “given
the absence of an alternative on the market to respond requirements, the
absence of Portugal's obligations towards the European Union and the need to
ensure the harmonization of legal requirements and free competition within the
community”.
The ban stems from a law, published in September 2019, on
providing alternatives to the use of ultralight plastic bags and plastic trays
at points of sale for bread, fruit, and vegetables. Initially, the bill from the
Os Verdes party (PEV), unanimously approved by parliament, provided for banning
ultralight bags from June 2020, but the published diploma ended up setting the
deadline of June 1, 2023.
The proposed repeal of APED is based on three grounds: the
functioning of the single market; food safety and prevention of food waste;
biodegradable and compostable alternatives.
“Firstly, the European Union does not impose restrictions on
the use of 'very light bags' that are necessary for hygiene reasons or made
available as primary packaging for food products sold in bulk, taking into
account aspects of food safety and prevention of food waste ”.
Another reason for the repeal, according to the association,
is the need to “safeguard the packaging of products at high risk of
deterioration or very perishable”, such as blueberries, and controlled
atmosphere products, fruits, and vegetables cut in store.
From this ban on selling bakery products, fruit and
vegetables packaged in very light plastic bags, and in single-use plastic
containers, the law makes an exception for plastic bags and packaging that are
proven to be biodegradable and compostable, as long as they are not made
available free of charge.
APEAD, regarding biodegradable and compostable alternatives,
points out that community legislation provides for the obligation for very
light plastic bags to be “compostable in industrial bio-waste treatment units
only 24 months after the entry into force of the Community Regulation”.
“This deadline will be important to guarantee the qualification of the current infrastructure for the treatment of biowaste in the country. The European Commission does not recognize biodegradable plastics as an alternative to single-use plastics. The “only balanced solution” is the repeal of the prohibitive article of the 2019 law, says APED, adding that it is “faithful to the constructive posture and openness to dialogue” and that, therefore, it also proposed an alternative wording of the article (4 77/2019), “if a revocation is not possible”.